Free Energy Market Transition: a Study Case of 32 Consumption Units in Brazil
Given the growing consumption for energy, electricity represents a significant share in the public budget, particularly for the Government of Espírito Santo, approximately 12.46% of the total administrative expenses of the units. Based on this, the present study analyzes the feasibility of migrating Consumer Units of the Executive Branch of the State of Espírito Santo to the Free Contracting Environment, aiming for economic and sustainable gains. Thirty-two units were selected for a case study, based on consumption and demand data between 2024 and 2025, to project future consumption and costs. The analysis considered 32 Consumer Units, including the procurement of 1.25 MW average from conventional and renewable energy sources, indicating a potential savings of up to 30.54%. Although there are challenges characteristic of public administration, in contrast to management in the private sector, particularly due to national and subnational legal frameworks to which it is subject, the results indicate that migration is technically and economically feasible. This positions the Free Contracting Environment as a strategic alternative for optimizing public resources and meeting environmental goals, aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals and the longterm strategic plan entitled “ES 500 anos”.
Parametric vertical photovoltaic system: Fibonacci methodology applied to solar trees design
This study presents a novel Fibonacci-inspired solar tree design to optimize energy efficiency in urban environments while addressing the growing demand for sustainable energy solutions. The objective was to propose a project methodology for Solar Trees, one that can adapt to diverse contexts and enhance the viability of these structures as source of renewable energy within urban landscapes. The research used Rhinoceros 7 and Grasshopper to create a base model, parametrically adjust key design parameters, and simulate solar irradiation through the Ladybug plug-in. The optimized solar tree design achieved an annual solar energy incidence of 84,017 kWh and an irradiation of 3,222 kWh/m2/year, surpassing traditional flat PVS, which would generate only 68,084 kWh/year with an irradiation of 2,611 kWh/m2/year. Comprising 21 modular photovoltaic leaves made from mono-crystalline silicon, the design meets technical energy requirements and offers aesthetic and landscaping benefits in urban settings. This work underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary approach, merging architecture, energy efficiency, and environmental science to propose feasible solutions for contemporary urban challenges. The findings indicate that the proposed solar tree design fulfills energy demands and enhances public spaces, challenging conventional perceptions of photovoltaic systems as fragmented and visually unappealing.